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About The Career
Professionals in this field work on farms, in research labs, food-processing factories, extension services (helping farmers), government departments and agri-businesses. They help increase food production, improve crop varieties, manage water and soil, process milk and food safely, and apply new technologies like biotechnology. With rising demand for food, better storage and processed foods, trained people are needed across India and abroad.
Food & Agriculture
Persona (Who suits this career best?)
Minimum Required Qualification
- Comfortable working outdoors and indoors (labs/factories)
- Curious about plants, animals, food and nature
- Practical, patient and good at following step-by-step procedures
- Interested in science (biology/chemistry) and problem solving
- Entry-level (most UG paths): Pass Class XII (10+2).
- Advanced roles: B.Sc (Agriculture/Horticulture/Soil Science), B. Tech (Agricultural/Dairy/Food), M.Sc/PhD, diplomas and professional certificates.
Stream of Study
Entry Pathways
- Science (PCB/PCM) is most relevant, but some diploma or vocational routes accept any stream.
- UG degrees (B.Sc Agriculture, B.Tech Agricultural/Dairy/Food Technology, B.Sc Horticulture) through university or national/state entrance tests (ICAR/CUET, state exams).
- Diploma and certificate courses for quicker entry into technical or extension roles.
- Postgraduate research (M.Sc/PhD) for research or teaching posts.
Average Starting Salary
- Wide variation by role and sector. Fresh graduates typically start around ₹15,000 – ₹40,000 per month in many entry roles (government/extension/industry); specialized roles (food technologists, engineers, managerial positions) can start higher. Salary rises quickly with experience and specialization.
Dairy Technology
Dairy Technology is about turning milk into safe, tasty products — milk, paneer, cheese, ghee and more. It’s a mix of science, factory work and quality control.
Horticulture
Horticulture focuses on fruits, vegetables, flowers and landscaping — the work that brings fruits to your table and colours to public spaces.
Agricultural Engineering
Agricultural engineers design and maintain farm machines, irrigation systems and post-harvest equipment — the people who bring engineering to the farm.
Agronomy
Agronomy is the science of growing field crops well — improving yields, choosing the right crop and managing soil and water.
Plant Breeding & Genetics
Plant Breeding creates better crop varieties — higher yield, disease resistance and climate tolerance — helping farmers get more from their land.
Soil Science
Soil Science studies the foundation of farming — soil health — so crops get the nutrients and structure they need.
Food Science & Technology
Food Science ensures food is safe, nutritious and tasty — from recipe development to shelf-stable packaged foods.
Agricultural Biotechnology
Agricultural Biotechnology uses modern science (DNA, tissue culture) to make better seeds, faster-growing plants and disease-resistant crops.
